Sunday, October 19, 2008
Cookies problem in Windows 98(want to keep good cookies w/o opening & looking at each individual cookie)
Authentication in OUTLOOK EXPRESS
Thursday, October 16, 2008
MOUSE EMULATOR
MICROSOFT DOWNLOADS
Wednesday, October 15, 2008
EMERGENCY RECOVERY
Monday, October 13, 2008
Set up a VIRTUAL DRIVE
READER TIP:
MICROSOFT INTERNET EXPLORER 6 SERVICE PACK
BACK IT UP
A site for TWEAKERS
A NEW BROWSER
READER TIP:
A GLOSSARY OF INTERNET TERMS
Entering a Name and Password in Microsoft Internet Explorer6
Wednesday, August 27, 2008
READER TIP:
DELETING COOKIES IN MICROSOFT INTERNET EXPLORER 6
Microsoft Internet Explorer never offered an easy way to delete cookies-until Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 came along. You can now delete those no longer needed cookies quite easily.
Just run Internet Explorer 6 and choose Tools/Internet Options. When the Internet Options dialog box opens, click the General tab (if necessary) and click Delete cookies.
Click OK to close the dialog box and return to Internet Explorer 6.
Monday, August 18, 2008
READER TIP:
- Open the run dialog by pressing Windows key r
- Type "mail to" without the quotes
- Insert the e-mail address of the individual to whom you would like to send the e-mail. For example:mail to:classes@accesstechnologyinstitute.com
- Press Enter
Uninstalling UNWANTED PROGRAMS
You know how it is -sometimes you try to uninstall a program and uninstall fails. You do not have to put up with this erractic behaviour. Just download a copy of Aurelitec, Inc's Uninstall Ability. This utility is free for personal use and ensures that you will always be able to uninstall those no longer needed programs.
A Browser Maintainence Shortcut
If you want to organize your Favorites in Internet Explorer 6, you can choose Favorites/organize Favorites to open the organize Favorites dialog box.If you prefer to use keystrokes, you can open the organize Favorites dialog by simply pressing Ctrl+B.
You use the same keystroke to work with your bookmarks in NETSCAPE 6.
Changing Link Icons in Microsoft Internet Explorer 6
If you use the links bar in Internet Explorer 6, you may like to change the icons to something more meaningful-or-more attractive. To do this, right-click the link you want to change and choose Properties. When the dialog opens, click Change Icon. Now, click Browse and locate a suitable new icon.
We keep a special Icon folder for our collection of icons and usually choose a new icon from this folder. You will find some free to use icons at
WEB DWARF
WEB DWARF is one of the easiest HTML editors around. This program features a wysiwyg (what you see is what you get) user interface. It takes almost all the pain out of designing a web page --and it's freeware.
You can do the entire job in Web Dwarf -- you can design and edit a page and then use the FTP feature to send it to your host computer.
You can get a copy of WEB DWARF by clicking here
Sunday, August 17, 2008
WINDOWS POWER TOOLS
jv16 Power Tools offers a host of features. Let us look at a few that are listed on the web page.
You can clean the Windows' Add/Remove software list, scan the registry for invalid registry entries automatically. With the Registry cleaner, control which program starts automatically with the computer, find duplicate, zero length files, temp files and broken shortcuts, and combine files. And much, much more.
Shut Down or Restart with just one click
One click shut down or Restart
To shut down or Restart Windows with one mouse click:
- Right -click the Desktop and select New > Shortcut
- In the Command line box, type:
(for one click shut down)
rundll.exe user.exe,exit windows exec
(for one click restart)
rundll.exe shell32.dll, SHExitWindowsExO
(for one click Log off)
3.Click Next and give it the appropriate name (Shut Down or Restart)
To change the icon on the shortcut, right-click on the shortcut, and select Change Icon. Some nice icons can be found in \Windows\System\Shell32.dll.
Automating NETSCAPE 6 Mail
If you like, you can get NETSCAPE 6 Mail to check the mail automatically for you. Just run Netscape and press Ctrl+2 to open mail. Now, in the Mail Window, choose Edit/Mail and Newsgroups Account Settings. Click Server Settings and then select the "check for new messages every" and type the number of minutes you want to use into the entry box.
Click OK to close the dialog box and record your selections.
Backing up your OUTLOOK EXPRESS 6 Folders
Making backups of your OUTLOOK EXPRESS mail folders is often less problem than locating the mail folders. To locate your mail folders, run OUTLOOK EXPRESS and then open your folder list. Right-click a folder and choose Properties. The Properties dialog-box will give you the folder's location. Since all the folders are in the same place, you can now use Windows Explorer to go there. Copy the DBX files to your backup disk (floppy, Zip drive, etc.).
Saturday, August 16, 2008
ZAP Picture Browser
ZAP Picture Browser offers you not only a way to browse through your pictures, but also a way to print up to four pictures on a single sheet of paper.You can select the pictures either from a single folder, or from multiple folders. ZAP Picture Browser displays files in bmp, cmp,cur,dcx emf, eps, fpx, jpeg, jpg, gif, ico, img,mac, msp, pcc, pcd ,pct, pcx, png, psd,tga,tif,ras,wmf and wpg formats.
Friday, August 15, 2008
OFFICE 2000:Tip of the Day
To turn on the Fast Save option, run WORD and choose Tools/Options. When the dialog box opens, click the Save tab. Now, select the check box labeled "Allow fast saves" and click OK to close the dialog box and apply your setting selection.
Compressing OUTLOOK EXPRESS Folders
Click Clean up Now. When the Local File Clean Up dialog box opens, click Compact. When the operation finishes, click Close. Back in Options, click Close to dismiss the dialog box.
The NETSCAPE 6 SideBar
Thursday, August 14, 2008
OUTLOOK 2000 Tip of the day
Wednesday, August 13, 2008
A New Editor for Internet Microsoft Internet Explorer's Edit Button
Now select HTML Document and click Advanced. Select Edit and then click the Edit button. Click Browse and locate your new program. Double-click the program's EXE icon to select it and then click OK.
Click OK to close the dialog box and then click OK to close the Folder Options dialog box and Save your New Editor Selection.
Small Business Tip of the Day
Apply these programs to your mailbox to filter out ads, multilevel marketing schemes and other "make-a-million-with-your-computer" mail. In addition, some programs identify the source of unwanted mail and automatically filter known email abusers.
A couple of suggested software packages-Spam Scan and Scam Buster. Both are relatively inexpensive and thorough.
A Personal PHOTO MAP
Would you like a printed copy of a PHOTO MAP that shows your house? You can get these photos from Microsoft Terra server website. To make it easier to work with the photos and to locate the area you want to view, you can download a copy of USA Photo Maps from JDMCOX Software.
USA Photo Maps is freeware and you can download your copy by clicking here
Working with the ADDRESS BOOK
The standard OUTLOOK EXPRESS address book is more versatile than ever before. For example, you can now add new folders to the address book. This helps you keep your business contacts and personal contacts separated. You can create a separate folder for family members, or members of a club or professional group.
To create a new folder, run OUTLOOK EXPRESS and click Addresses. When the Address Book opens, choose File/New Folder. Name your new folder and then add the necessary E-mail addresses. Note that you can drag addresses from existing folders to a new folder.
Monday, August 11, 2008
Updating your Address Book
If you have already created an addresses in OUTLOOK EXPRESS, you can easily merge these addresses in MS WORD to print labels. For instructions, consult word's print merge helper or help files. If your addresses are a Palm Pilot type organizer, you can print labels from that address book.
Today's Download
Somewhat, Image Oriented Explorer 2002 makes it easy to view images in a slide show format and then keep those slide shows for others to see.
Explorer 2002 requires Microsoft Internet Explorer. It is a free program and you can download a copy at www.vncom.com
LINUX Tip of the day
Sunday, August 10, 2008
Today's Download
If you do need to work with the system registry, give RegEditX a try. However, if you are not comfortable working with your system's regitry, pass this one up. You can find yourself completely reloading your operating system if you mess up the registry. So we recommend tinkering with your registry only if you are highly experienced in doing so already.
Free Web Hosts
Yahoo Geocities
Lycos Angle Fire
AOL Hometown
Lycos Tripod
Xoom.com
Creation of the websites
www.hplearningcenter.com has different courses on computers and there is also a course on dreamweaver and even on webmonkey at www.tripod.com. In www.hplearningcenter.com, there comes the new course for learning animation in the websites and that is FLASH MX.Those interested can enroll for it.
So what did u gain by the given sites by me?
Windows Tip of the Day
Quick Zip
Quick Zip also has a greater user interface, one that might cause Quick Zip to remain installed on our system.
Zone Alarm
Cleaning up your History
Microsoft Internet Explorer for all Windows Systems
This is what you do: go to the Download.Microsoft.com site at the link following this tip. Download just the set up file to a folder (let us say you choose C:/IE6). Now, close your browser and click Start/Run, type in (using the quotation marks as shown)
"C:\IE6\ieSetup.exe"/c: "ie6wzd.exe/d/s:" "#E"
and press Enter.
Set up will open a dialog box from which you can make your system choices.
Open a Web Page from the START Menu
www.emazing.com
and press Enter. Your default browser will open at Emazing.com.
Saturday, August 9, 2008
The Microsoft Internet Explorer Toolbar
Click the new separator in the "Current toolbar buttons" list to select it. Next, click Move up or Move Down to get the Separator into the correct position and then click Close to dismiss the dialog box.
Friday, August 8, 2008
OFFICE 2000 Tip of the day
Opening SEARCH in Microsoft Internet Explorer6
if you like to use keyboard shortcuts,you can press Ctrl+E to open the Search Companion.
WEBSITE GENERATOR
Site Gen Se is freeware and you can get it by clicking here.
Using the OUTLOOK EXPRESS Preview Pane
A Keyboard Shortcut for Microsoft Internet Explorer 6
OUTLOOK 2000 :Tip of the Day
Thursday, August 7, 2008
Keyboard Browsing
We have tested this in Internet Explorer 6 (it should work in version 3.x or greater), Netscape 6.1 (it should work in communicator 4.x), Opera 6 and MSN Explorer 6.
Rename Microsoft Internet Explorer Favorites
Just choose Favorites to open the folder. Now right-click a URL that you want to change and choose Rename. Type in the new name and press Enter.
Exporting Netscape 6 Addresses
Setting Cookie Rules in Microsoft Internet Explorer 6
To deny that site's cookies, run IE6(Internet Explorer 6) and choose Tools/Internet Options. When the dialog box opens,click the Privacy tab. Click Edit and type the address into the "Address of Website" entry box. Click Block to block that site's cookies or Allow to accept them. Click OK to save the settings. Back in Internet Options,click OK to close the dialog box.
SPAM Response
You can purchase software to combat the SPAM problem. PC MAGAZINE recommends spam killer, which you can try free for 30 days. If you want to keep using it, it is $29.95. Note that spam killer does not work with AOL or web-based e-mail.
A GIRAFA Sidebar for Microsoft Internet Explorer
To let your Girafa toolbar and learn more about it, click here!
Removing the marks when forwarding OUTLOOK EXPRESS 6 E-MAIL
Wednesday, August 6, 2008
A SPAM suggestion
With your e-mail address entered this way, people who need to send you e-mail can see that they have to delete the "delete_" party of the address. Computer programs that troll for e-mail addresses are not that smart.
Sizing Microsoft Internet Explorer New Windows
Custom Internet Shortcuts
URL=http://www.yoursite.com
Tuesday, August 5, 2008
Shame the corrupt with Rs 0!
The next time a Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation clerk demands a bribe to issue that clearance certificate, grease his palm with currency that will seem like a kick in the back. Fifth Pillar India,a Chennai based organisation that battles corruption, will release 1 lakh notes of "zero denomination" in Mumbai next month.
The Rs0 note is similar to Rs1000 note, complete with bust of Mahatma Gandhi. The seal on the bill says,"This is not a currency note."
The Reserve Bank of India legend gives way to the slogan,'Eliminate corruption at all levels'. The Rs0 note also includes a stirring resolve: "I promise neither to accept nor to give bribe".
The movement called "Freedom from Corruption" launched in all 30 districts of Tamil Nadu early this month, will make its Mumbai debut in the city's schools and colleges. "It is an effort to empower every citizen to fight corruption," said M Vijayanand, the president of Fifth Pillar India.
Will it really make a difference? Vijayanand,a software engineer based in the US who spends seven months each year in India, said the initial response has been encouraging.
"I tried it with some customs officers at Mumbai airport," he said. "They were delaying my baggage and demanding a bribe. When I gave them Rs0, they smiled and let me go."
A 70-year-old Chennai woman who had spent six years trying to secure land patta document from municipal authorities is one of the beneficiaries. "She collected the currency from us," Vijayanand said. "She gave the note to the municipality officers and received the document in 30 minutes."
Turning off ALEXA .com in Netscape 6
If you feel that this is a violation of your privacy or do not want data about the sites
you are visiting to be sent for any reason, disabling this feature is simple:
Open my sidebar,click Tabs and then select Customize my sidebar.Click Recommended (if the list is not already expanded).Next,click "What's Related" and then, in the right pane of the dialog box,click "What's Related" to select it. Now click Remove to delete it from your sidebar.
Download of the Day
Working with the Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 Favorites
Monday, August 4, 2008
Open it All in Opera
Although you may want to be very careful how you use this Opera 6 feature, you can open all your bookmarks at once. To do this, just choose Bookmarks/open all folder items.Opera 6 will proceed to do its very best to sequentially open all your bookmarked URLs.
You can also open all the URLs in a specific folder. In this case,you need to choose Bookmarks/Your Folder Choice/Open all folder items. In this case, Opera 6 will open all the URLs in the selected folder.
Finding all the links in Opera 6
Would you like to locate all the links in any given page? If you use Opera 6, all you have to do is press CTRL+J. This opens the "Links in frame"dialog box. In the dialog box, you will see a list of all the links in the selected frame.
Using the "Links in frame" dialog box, you can sort the URLs, list the full address, or click open to visit the selected link.
Saving a page in Opera 6
There are three ways to save a web page in Opera 6: You can save the page in HTML format, in HTML format with all the pictures included, or in plain text format.
- To save the page in HTML, just choose File/Save As (or press CTRL + S).
- To save the page with its pictures, choose File/Save with Image as.
- To save in text format, choose File/Save As. When the Save As dialog opens, click the arrow at the right side of the "Save as Type" list box and select "Text Files(*.txt)".
Turning Off Underlining in Microsoft Internet Explorer
Identifying Opera 6
A Shortcut for OUTLOOK EXPRESS
Importing & Exporting in Microsoft Internet Explorer 6
How can I get a feedback form on my page?
Replace "me@my address" with your e-mail address.
Sunday, August 3, 2008
Cookie Security in Microsoft Internet Explorer 6
To determine how your Internet Explorer 6 deals with cookies, run the program and choose Tools/Internet options. When the Internet Options dialog box opens, click the Privacy tab. You will see that you can set Internet Explorer 6's response to cookies from "Accept All cookies" to "Block All Cookies" with four steps of security between the two. Just move the slider to see all your options.
When you are finished working with your privacy setting,click OK to close the dialog box and save your new selection.
Madame Tussaud's
You will find some interesting information at the Madame Tussaude's wax museum Web page, and you will get a glimpse of a few of the figures, but you won't get a real good look because Madame Tussaud's is in it for the money, after all. For the best look, you will just have to go in person!
More Stuff than you can shake a modem out
MSN Kids
Kids will find cartoons,sports news, and information on pets, and thay can listen to Radio Disney's Hot Music. WOW!
Friday, August 1, 2008
Opera 6 Accessory
If you are Opera user,get your copy by clicking here.
The latest Opera 9.51 has come but I am giving you the details about Opera 6 now.
To get Opera to open to the last viewed page,choose File/Preferences,"Click Start and exit" and then select the radio button labeled "Continue browsing where I was last time", Click OK to continue.
Navigate to a web page, and then close Opera. Run Opera again and it will open to the last page you visited.
Mouse:Opera 5
Forward-left
Stop-Up
Reload-up,then down.
Holding your secondary mouse button down while sliding your mouse downward will open a new window.
Hold secondary mouse button while performing these functions
Open new document (if done over a link,opens link document in new window)-------->Down
Reload-------------------------------------> Move up and down
Restore or maximize window--------------------------> Up, then right
Duplicate window(if done over a link,opens link document in background)------->Move down,up
Close Document --------------------------------> Move right-left-right or down, then right
Next document in history----> Hold primary, press secondary or,hold secondary;move right. Double-click primary in empty window.
Jump from one window to the next--------------------> Hold secondary button;use wheel
Zoom in/out----------------------------------------->Hold Ctrl down;turn wheel
Move back or forward in document history------------------->Hold shift down;turn wheel
Panning--------------------------------> Click wheel, move mouse
Another Browser:Looking at Opera 5.1
If you do not want to deal with the ads that come with the free version of Opera 5.1, you can register fo $39 and eliminate the ads. This really is a nice, fast browser.
Wednesday, July 30, 2008
Webpage Update in Internet Explorer
Note that you must enter the line exaclty as shown here. You can copy the line from here and paste it into the Address Bar if you like.
SATELLITE RADIO
At home, you will have the advantage of rock-steady reception,crystal-clear digital sound, and a wide selection of stations. No static and no interference-except when a car converted to a large woofer drives by and rattles your windows.
Hey Einstein
Simplify your productivity
A Great site for kids
You will also find some educational material and links to other kids' sites.
Reading a Webpage Offline with Internet Explorer
To do this, press Ctrl+D to add the URL to your Favorites Folder. Now choose Favorites and then right-click your new URL and choose Make Available Offline. Just follow the wizard, and you can read that story tonight.
How Monitors can get an IT Manager promoted
Tuesday, July 29, 2008
VIRUS,WORMS & TROJAN HORSES
If you get an email with an attatchment and nobody text,it's good idea to delete the message immediately.
If you use Outlook Express 5 or 6(not sure about ealier versions), you can automatically move all blank messages to a special folder.
Run Outlook Express and choose File/Folder/New.When the Create Folder dialog box opens, click "Local Folders" to select it and then click in the "Folder name" entry box and enter Virus. Click OK to your new folder and close the dialog box. Choose Tools/Message Rules/Mail . When the dialog box opens,click the Mail Rules tab (if necessary) and then click New. Now, select the check box labeled "Where the message body contains specific words".
Next, select the "Move it to the specified folder" check box.Under "3. Rule description" click "contains specific words". Now, type in a and press Enter, then type e and press Enter. Repeat this procedure for i,o,u. This adds all the English vowels to the list.
Next, under "Apply rule if ", select the radio button labeled "Message does not contain the words below". Click OK to continue. Under "3. Rule Description" click "Specified" and then double-click the new Virus folder. Click OK to close the dialog box. Back in Message Rules,click OK to save your selections and close the dialog box.
Outlook Express will now move any message with nobody text to the Virus Folder.
Some Websites are notorious for pop-ups. If you don't mind pop-ups, great. But if pop-ups really annoy you,you need to find a way to turn them off automatically.We know of two freeware pop-up Killers that do an excellent job. One is POW! from Analog X, and the other is Pop Up Killer from xFx Jumpstart.
Both these applications sit in the system tray,monitoring your browsing and closing pop-ups as soon as they open.
As you know,Netspace 6.1 is out now. But it doesn't mean that there is no longer any support for Netspace 4.x . You can still download bug fixes and security enhancements for 4.x .
To keep your Netspace 4.x browser current,choose Help/SoftWare Updates to navigate to Netscape's Smart Update Service.
Monday, July 28, 2008
Tips related with computer
If Windows is put off without clicking on the shut down button, then the size of the Temp file is extended and the file like tgis(Temp File) is saved. and like this, many files are saved in Temp directory.And the hard disk is destroyed by this and the working capacity of the hard disk also becomes less. So by going into the Temp sub-directory,we should delete all the Temp files by time to time.
2. In Windows 95 & 98,when we put the CD in its drive,then it runs automatically(auto-run). then the program which we were doing goes in the background and the CD programs come in front. So the method to avoid this is that when we put the CD in its drive then we should press the SHIFT key on the keyboard. Auto-run will not be done by the CD-ROM drive.
3. In Windows 95,if there is the OSR 2 version in your computer and if u press the function key F8 and you get "Previous version of MS-DOS" in its menu and if you select that,the computer is hanged and if you reset the computer then it wouldn't get boot up again. After that you would have to insert the bootable floppy of Windows and transfer the system. Therefore, don't select this command in OSR2 Windows.
To recognise this(OSR2) type of version in your computer, click the right mutton on the icon of
"My Computer" and see its properties. You will see its version no. 4.00.950 . If you will see its version 4.00.950 B, that means your Windows is OSR2 .
4. In Windows 95 & 98, every program is opened by "short key". In this case the mouse is not used many times for double clicking on the program.
If you want to create a 'short key' then you should click the right mouse button on that particular program and Propertise will come on the screen and in that, 'short cut menu' will be there.So select it. In 'short cut key',press the key which you want (Key define). Then press'OK'.
In 'short cut',don't take the key which interfer your work or which makes you work.
5. In Windows 95 & 98, there comes "Registary Error" many times. In this case we have to format the hard disk and reload the programs. In order to resume,we have to go in run menu and select "reg edit".Then go in Registry option in which we have to select Export Registry file option and save the registry by any name. If you get any problem,then go in safe mode and boot the computer and select the Import registry file option and find the file which you have made in this option and select that file and import it and restart the computer.
Flow Charts(Examples)contd....
Example 3
Draw a flowchart for computing factorial N (N!)
Where N! = 1 ´ 2 ´ 3 ´ …… N .
The required flowchart has been shown in fig 25.4
Answer:
Fig. 4 Flowchart for computing factorial N
Flow Charts (Examples)contd....
Example 2
Draw a flowchart to find the largest of three numbers A,B, and C.
Answer: The required flowchart is shown in Fig 25.3
Fig. 3 Flowchart for finding out the largest of three numbers
Flow Chart (Examples)
7.FEW EXAMPLES ON FLOWCHARTING
Now we shall present few examples on flowcharting for proper understanding of this technique. This will help in student in program development process at a later stage.
Example 1
Draw a flowchart to find the sum of first 50 natural numbers.
Answer: The required flowchart is given in Fig. 2
Fig. 2 Sum of first 50 natural numbers
Fig 2 Flowchart for computing the sum of first 50 natural numbers.
Flow Charts(contd...)
5. ADVANTAGES OF USING FLOWCHARTS
The benefits of flowcharts are as follows:
- Communication: Flowcharts are better way of communicating the logic of a system to all concerned.
- Effective analysis: With the help of flowchart, problem can be analysed in more effective way.
- Proper documentation: Program flowcharts serve as a good program documentation, which is needed for various purposes.
- Efficient Coding: The flowcharts act as a guide or blueprint during the systems analysis and program development phase.
- Proper Debugging: The flowchart helps in debugging process.
- Efficient Program Maintenance: The maintenance of operating program becomes easy with the help of flowchart. It helps the programmer to put efforts more efficiently on that part.
- Complex logic: Sometimes, the program logic is quite complicated. In that case, flowchart becomes complex and clumsy.
- Alterations and Modifications: If alterations are required the flowchart may require re-drawing completely.
- Reproduction: As the flowchart symbols cannot be typed, reproduction of flowchart becomes a problem.
- The essentials of what is done can easily be lost in the technical details of how it is done.
Flow Charts (contd...)
The following are some guidelines in flowcharting:
- In drawing a proper flowchart, all necessary requirements should be listed out in logical order.
- The flowchart should be clear, neat and easy to follow. There should not be any room for ambiguity in understanding the flowchart.
- The usual direction of the flow of a procedure or system is from left to right or top to bottom.
- Only one flow line should come out from a process symbol.
or
- Only one flow line should enter a decision symbol, but two or three flow lines, one for each possible answer, should leave the decision symbol.
- Only one flow line is used in conjunction with terminal symbol.
- Write within standard symbols briefly. As necessary, you can use the annotation symbol to describe data or computational steps more clearly.
- If the flowchart becomes complex, it is better to use connector symbols to reduce the number of flow lines. Avoid the intersection of flow lines if you want to make it more effective and better way of communication.
- Ensure that the flowchart has a logical start and finish.
- It is useful to test the validity of the flowchart by passing through it with a simple test data.
Flow Charts
The flowchart is a means of visually presenting the flow of data through an information processing systems, the operations performed within the system and the sequence in which they are performed. In this lesson, we shall concern ourselves with the program flowchart, which describes what operations (and in what sequence) are required to solve a given problem. The program flowchart can be likened to the blueprint of a building. As we know a designer draws a blueprint before starting construction on a building. Similarly, a programmer prefers to draw a flowchart prior to writing a computer program. As in the case of the drawing of a blueprint, the flowchart is drawn according to defined rules and using standard flowchart symbols prescribed by the American National Standard Institute, Inc.
2. OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson, you will be able to understand:
- the meaning of flowchart
- the basic parts of the flowchart such as flowchart symbols and the flow lines connecting these symbols.
- the advantages and limitations of flowchart
3. MEANING OF A FLOWCHART
A flowchart is a diagrammatic representation that illustrates the sequence of operations to be performed to get the solution of a problem. Flowcharts are generally drawn in the early stages of formulating computer solutions. Flowcharts facilitate communication between programmers and business people. These flowcharts play a vital role in the programming of a problem and are quite helpful in understanding the logic of complicated and lengthy problems. Once the flowchart is drawn, it becomes easy to write the program in any high level language. Often we see how flowcharts are helpful in explaining the program to others. Hence, it is correct to say that a flowchart is a must for the better documentation of a complex program.
4. GUIDELINES FOR DRAWING A FLOWCHART
Flowcharts are usually drawn using some standard symbols; however, some special symbols can also be developed when required. Some standard symbols, which are frequently required for flowcharting many computer programs are shown in Fig. 1
Start or end of the program | |
Computational steps or processing function of a program | |
Input or output operation | |
Decision making and branching | |
Connector or joining of two parts of program | |
Magnetic Tape | |
Magnetic Disk | |
Off-page connector | |
Flow line | |
Annotation | |
Display |
Monday, April 7, 2008
Input units,Output units, Booting and Enter key
Data can be put in computer with the help of input units. Input unit may be in the form of keyboard, a floppy disk or Joystick.
Computer send the results and information with the help of output units. The output unit may be in the form of a screen (also known as Visual Display Unit),printer or plotter.
Switch on the Monitor by pressing the on-off switch.Look at the Monitor.The computer will give some interesting messages. This process is called Booting.
If you want to go to the second line while typing on the keyboard,for this you will press the [Enter] key.Now,you can write on the next line.
Sunday, April 6, 2008
Hardware
System Unit(C.P.U.=Central Processing Unit)
The Hard Disk Drive
The Floppy Disk Drive
Mouse
The Printer
Keyboard
V.D.U. The unit that resembles a TV screen is called the V.D.U. or monitor.The information displayed by the V.D.U. Hence the V.D.U. is an output device. V.D.U. can be of various types:
- Monochrome V.D.U. displays single colour(green,white or umber)
- Colour V.D.U. displays 16 colours
- Low Resolution V.D.U. displays poor quality of graphic
- High resolution V.D.U. displays superior quality of graphic
The System Unit contains the memory of the PC. Besides the Micro Processor the System Unit is also contains storage area where the data store before being actually processed. This area is called Internal storage.
For permanent storage of data, external storage media can be used with a PC system.There are two kinds of external storage media commonly used in PCs are
1. Hard Disk Drive 2. Floppy Disk Drive
- Hard Disk Drive:- The System Unit (C.P.U.)contains PCs hard disk drive,also known as a fixed disk drive.The hard disk drive consists of a hard disk, a mechanism that spines the disk. a head that reads information and writes information to the hard disk. The hard disk spines within the drive.The head reads information from it and records information onto it. Hard disk contains the operating system program, that tell your PC how to work. Also it stores program and information file on the hard disk.
- Floppy Disk Drive:-A floppy disk drive transfers information to and from your hard disk or directly into memory. Floppy Disk Drive reads and record information on floppy disk.They are slower and store much less information than your hard disk. E.g. Software manufacturerdistributes programs on Floppy Disk Drive.When we copy the program from floppy disk to hard disk, floppy disk are the good way to transfer information from your PC to another PC or to store copies of information on your hard disk. If we have aard disk and a floppy disk, then the Floppy Disk Drive is called A:,and the Hard Disk Drive is called C:.
Computers
There are many kind of browsers such as Internet Explorer,Netscape.Internet Explorer has many kind of versions which can be used with different kind of windows.Windows are also of different types such as Windows 95,98,2000,ME(millenium) and XP which takes more memory in computers than windows 2000 and all.Windows 2000 is better to get installed than Windows XP.Windows ME has come to an end from the last two to three years.Internet Explorer version 5.0 and above can be better installed on 98 and above versions There are many kind of browsers such as Internet Explorer,Netscape.Internet Explorer has many kind of versions which can be used with different kind of windows.Windows are also of different types such as Windows 95,98,2000,ME(millenium) and XP which takes more memory in computers than windows 2000 and all.Windows 2000 is better to get installed than Windows XP.Windows ME has come to an end from the last two to three years.Internet Explorer version 5.0 and above can be better installed on 98 and above versions of Windows.
Intranet is another part of computer which is done within that building and even can be accessed by those people who works within that company.It is not used by the whole world.whereas internet can be accessed by the whole world.
On computers we can even solve our problems through MSOFFICE in which msword,msexcel,mspowerpoint,msaccess,msbinder and msoutlookexpress can be used.We can even do painting in the computers,can make so much programs through different kinds of softwares such as BASIC,GWBASIC,C++,Visual Basic etc.